The Wizard Nebula in Cepheus
The Wizard Nebula is a collection of interstellar gas surrounding the open star cluster, NGC 7380. It lies approximately 7200 light-years away from Earth and has an apparent magnitude of 7.2 in the constellation Cepheus.
Although it is impossible to observe this deep-sky object visually from my backyard, it is well within the reach of my current astrophotography equipment. Extremely dark skies and an OIII filter are required to observe Sh2-142 (Sharpless catalog) through a telescope eyepiece.
Over the years, I have photographed the Wizard Nebula numerous times, using a variety of cameras and telescopes. The latest image includes data captured using a CarbonStar 200 Newtonian Reflector and a monochrome camera with narrowband filters.
The Wizard Nebula captured using a camera and telescope.
What is the Wizard Nebula?
The combination of interstellar gas and dust in this deep sky object has created a shape that resembles a sorcerer or wizard. From my latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, the constellation Cepheus sits in an advantageous location in the night sky.
Nested between Cygnus and the North Star (Polaris), Cepheus travels high into the Northeastern sky during the fall. This gives me a large window of photographic opportunity to collect as much exposure time on this nebula as possible.
In the video below, I photograph this emission nebula using a one-shot color dedicated astronomy camera through an Explore Scientific ED102 refractor telescope. The process of creating the final Ha + RGB image is discussed further down this post.
Having captured many different types of nebulae over the years, I can confidently tell you that the Wizard Nebula is a rather challenging target with a DSLR camera. If you plan on photographing this deep sky object through a telescope, I recommend using a modified DSLR camera.
The emission nebula gas in this object is strong in the light wavelengths of the Ha and OIII bandpasses. Isolating these characteristics using narrowband filters is recommended.
It should come as no surprise that my personal best image of the Wizard Nebula was captured using a one-shot-color cooled astronomy camera, with a duo-narrowband (Ha + OIII) filter in place. A camera with TEC (thermoelectric cooling) is advantageous as is can dramatically reduce read noise on the sensor.
Where to Find It
The constellation Cepheus, where the Wizard resides, is between the constellations Cassiopeia and Cygnus. In the Northern hemisphere, the deep-sky objects found within this area are well photographed by backyard astrophotographers. Click on the star map below for the location of the Wizard Nebula.
- Cataloged: NGC 7380
- Classification: Nebula with embedded star cluster
- Constellation: Cepheus
- Distance: 7000 light-years from Earth
A GoTo equatorial telescope mount such as the ZWO AM5 can make locating dim nebulae such as this one a lot easier. After a quick star alignment procedure, you simply need to punch in the object name on the hand controller. I have become spoiled with this ability since purchasing my first Goto mount years ago.
The Best Time to Observe and Photograph the Wizard Nebula
I later revisited the Wizard Nebula using a larger telescope, and a more sensitive deep sky imaging camera. I also began to incorporate narrowband Ha data was added to further increase the details in this object.
The process of capturing shorter broadband color images and applying longer exposure narrowband images was an eye-opening experience. It allows me to create detailed images of objects in space from a heavily light-polluted area. For the image below, I used the following filters:
- Color RGB Data: 2″ Explore Scientific UHC Filter
- Narrowband Ha Data: 2″ Astronomik 12nm Ha Filter
The Wizard Nebula using a dedicated astronomy camera with a narrowband Ha filter
The version above was created using an image processing strategy known as HaRGB. By combining narrowband data (especially h-alpha) you can really boost the details of a traditional color deep sky image. It is a fantastic way to overcome the challenges with shooting in a light-polluted city sky.
The method used for creating the HaRGB composite can be found here: Combine Ha with RGB in Photoshop.
The telescope setup used for the photo above (Explore Scientific ED102 Refractor)
The astrophotography equipment shown here includes an autoguiding setup, allowing for longer exposures. The camera is controlled using software called Astro Photography Tool.
This is a typical looking setup for capturing deep sky objects in space from my backyard. When traveling to darker skies, it’s more convenient to use a portable deep sky astrophotography kit.
Astrophotography
The Wizard Nebula has a very dim surface brightness, which can make it difficult to photograph in (true-color) broadband RGB. It requires many long exposure images to create an adequate signal-to-noise ratio for serious image processing.
My first attempts at this nebula with a DSLR camera involved pouring many hours of imaging time on this target, and my results were a little discouraging. It wasn’t until I started adding narrowband Ha images to the mix that the structure really started to come forward.
Astrophotography with the use of narrowband filters has many advantages, especially for those who shoot in heavy light pollution. The following image was captured using a one-shot-color astronomy camera (Altair Hypercam 183C) with a 48mm Astronomik 12nm Ha filter in front of the sensor.
The Wizard Nebula in Ha (Astronomik 12nm Ha Filter)
Frequently Asked Questionsas
I hope that my imaging notes and example images have given you a better idea of what to expect when attempting to photograph the Wizard Nebula. No matter which type of astrophotography camera or telescope you use, the joy of photographing breathtaking objects in space such as this is a rewarding experience.
My latest photo of the Wizard Nebula (2022) was captured using a monochrome camera, and narrowband filters. To create the photo below, I mapped the colors from each filter to RGB using the Hubble Palette.
The Wizard Nebula in the Hubble Palette (SHO). Photo by Trevor Jones.